Choices, legacy, and the hidden scripts that shape nations

Dr. Abejide Olusegun

In the late 19th century, a man working in a prison made an astonishing discovery: forty-two inmates could trace their ancestry back to a single great-great-grandfather. Intrigued, he delved deeper into his research, uncovering two profound truths about human society: the choices we make can ripple across generations, and the invisible scripts we inherit often shape who we become.

That man was Max Jukes, a figure now infamous in social science. Living in New York, Jukes led a life marked by vagrancy, thuggery, and womanizing, fathering 11 children with multiple women. Five generations later, the legacy of his descendants was alarming: 310 died as paupers, 400 struggled with alcoholism, 190 turned to prostitution, 150 became criminals, and seven committed murder.

In contrast, another man, Jonathan Edwards, led a life of discipline and purpose. As a teacher and pastor of impeccable character, Edwards fathered nearly a dozen children, from whom emerged five generations of brilliance, including 13 college presidents, 65 college professors, 75 to 80 public officials, 60 authors, 60 doctors, 30 judges, 100 pastors, 100 lawyers, three U.S. senators, and even a vice president of the United States.

emerge as innovators, leaders, and builders of societies rooted in dignity and authenticity.

The Max Jukes story is not just an exposé; it is a call to action—a plea for Africans, Nigerians in particular, to tell their own stories instead of living out someone else’s. It serves as a reminder that each generation is influenced by its past while holding the responsibility for the future. To break the cycle, we must make different choices today. We need to create systems that are rooted in our own culture, reflecting our values and serving our communities. Just as the descendants of Jonathan Edwards have nurtured generations of brilliance, integrity, and progress, so too can Africans. The real question is whether we dare to start anew. We shall see.

Source: The Gavel